Critical Race Theory

Image by Gerd Altmann

Overview

This page contains books and articles on Critical Race Theory (CRT) generally, and CRT as it relates to the law and legal education, specifically. Sources have been linked when feasible and links are to freely-available sources unless otherwise noted.

Articles: Critical Race Theory and Education

Shandra Forrest-Bank & Jeffrey M. Jenson, Differences in Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Microaggression among Asian, Latino/Hispanic, Black, and White Young Adults, 42 Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare 141 (2015).
M. Lynn & L. Parker, Critical Race Studies in Education: Examining a Decade of Research in U.S. Schools, 38 Urban Review 257 (2006).
David Gillborn, Critical Race Theory and Education: Racism and Anti-Racism in Educational Theory and Praxis, 27 Discourse: Studies in The Cultural Politics of Education 11 (2006).
Adrienne D. Dixson & Celia K. Rousseau, And We Are Still Not Saved: Critical Race Theory in Education Ten Years Later, 8 Race Ethnicity and Education 7 (2005).
Gloria Ladson-Billings, Just What Is Critical Race Theory and What’s It Doing in A Nice Field Like Education?, 11 International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 7 (1998).
William F. Tate, Critical Race Theory and Education: History, Theory, and Implications, 22 Review of Research in Education 195 (1997).
D. G. Solórzano, Images and Words that Wound: Critical Race Theory, Racial Stereotyping, and Teacher Education, 24 Teacher Education Quarterly 5 (1997). [article behind paywall]
G. Ladson-Billings & William F. Tate, Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education, 97 Teachers College Record 47 (1995).

Articles: Critical Race Theory and the Law

Jayashri Srikantiah & Shirin Sinnar, White Nationalism as Immigration Policy, 21 Stanford Law Review Online 197 (2019).
Jayashri Srikantiah, Reconsidering Money Bail in Immigration Detention, 52 University of California Davis Law Review 521 (2018).
Rabia Belt, Ballots for Bullets: Disabled Veterans and the Right to Vote, 69 Stanford Law Review 435 (2017). [article behind paywall]
Shirin Sinnar, The Lost Story of Iqbal, 105 Georgetown Law Journal 379 (2017).
Rabia Belt, Contemporary Voting Rights Controversies Through the Lens of Disability, 68 Stanford Law Review 1491 (2016).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, Critical Perspectives on Police, Policing, and Mass Incarceration, 104 Georgetown Law Review 1531 (2015).
Jayashri Srikantiah, David Hausman & Lisa Weissman-Ward, Access To Justice For Immigrant Families and Communities: A Study of Legal Representation of Detained Immigrants in Northern California, 11 Stanford Journal of Civil Rights & Civil Liberties 207 (2015). [article behind paywall]
Richard Thompson Ford, Bias in the Air: Rethinking Employment Discrimination Law, 55 Stanford Law Review 1381 (2014).
Richard Thompson Ford, Rethinking Rights After the Second Reconstruction, 123 Yale Law Journal 2942 (2014).
David Simson, Exclusion, Punishment, Racism, and Our Schools: A Critical Race Theory Perspective on School Discipline, 61 UCLA Law Review 506 (2013).
Rabia Belt, And Then Comes Life: The Intersection of Race, Poverty and Disability in HBO’s The Wire, 13 Rutgers Race & the Law Review 1 (2011). [article behind paywall]
Kimberle W. Crenshaw, From Private Violence to Mass Incarceration: Thinking Intersectionally about Women, Race, and Social Control, 59 UCLA Law Review 1418 (2011).
Richard Thompson Ford, Beyond Good and Evil in Civil Rights Law: The Case of Wal-Mart v. Dukes, 32 Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law 513 (2011). [article behind paywall]
Kimberle Williams Crenshaw, Twenty Years of Critical Race Theory: Looking back to Move Forward Commentary: Critical Race Theory: A Commemoration: Lead Article, 43 Connecticut Law Review 1253 (2010).
Ralph Richard Banks, Beyond Colorblindness: Neo-Racialism and the Future of Race and Law Scholarship, 25 Harvard Blackletter Law Journal 41 (2009).
Ralph Richard Banks & Richard Thompson Ford, (How) Does Unconscious Bias Matter?: Law, Politics, and Racial Inequality, 58 Emory Law Journal 1053 (2008). [article behind paywall]
Richard Delgado, Liberal McCarthyism and the Origins of Critical Race Theory, 94 Iowa Law Review 1505 (2008).
R. Richard Banks, Jennifer L. Eberhardt & Lee Ross, Discrimination and Implicit Bias in a Racially Unequal Society, 94 California Law Review 1169 (2006).
R. Richard Banks & Su Jin Gatlin, African American Intimacy: The Racial Gap in Marriage, 11 Michigan Journal of Race & Law 115 (2005).
David B. Wilkins, From “Separate is Inherently Unequal” To “Diversity is Good For Business”: The rise of Market-Based Diversity Arguments and the Fate of the Black Corporate Bar, 117 Harvard Law Review 1548 (2004). [article behind paywall]
Juan F. Perea, Buscando América: Why Integration and Equal Protection Fail to Protect Latinos, 117 Harvard Law Review 1420 (2004). [article behind paywall]
Richard Thompson Ford, Brown’s Ghost, 117 Harvard Law Review 1305 (2004). [article behind paywall]
R. Richard Banks, Beyond Profiling: Race, Policing, and the Drug War, 56 Stanford Law Review 571 (2003).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, The Racial Double Helix: Watson, Crick, and Brown v. Board of Education (Our No-Bell Prize Award Speech), 47 Howard Law Journal 473 (2003).
R. Richard Banks, Meritocratic Values and Racial Outcomes: Defending Class-Based College Admissions, 79 North Carolina Law Review 1029 (2001).
R. Richard Banks, Race-Based Suspect Selection and Colorblind Equal Protection Doctrine and Disclosure, 48 UCLA Law Review 1075 (2001). [article behind paywall]
Charles R. P. Pouncy, Institutional Economics and Critical Race/LatCrit Theory: The Need for a Critical Raced Economics, 54 Rutgers Law Review 841 (2001).
Richard T. Ford, Race as Culture? Why Not?, 47 UCLA Law Review 1803 (2000). [article behind paywall]
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, California’s Racial History and Constitutional Rationales for Race-Conscious Decision Making in Higher Education, 47 UCLA Law Review 1521 (1999). [article behind paywall]
R. Richard Banks, The Color of Desire: Fulfilling Adoptive Parents’ Racial Preferences through Discriminatory State Action, 107 Yale Law Journal 875 (1998).
Richard Thompson Ford, Geography and Sovereignty: Jurisdictional Formation and Racial Segregation, 49 Stanford Law Review 1365 (1997). [article behind paywall]
Derrick A. Bell, Who’s Afraid of Critical Race Theory?, 1995 University of Illinois Law Review 893 (1995). [article behind paywall]
Trina Grillo, Anti-Essentialism and Intersectionality: Tools to Dismantle the Master’s House, 10 Berkeley Women’s Law Journal 16 (1995).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, The Social Construction of Brown v. Board of Education: Law Reform and the Reconstructive Paradox Symposium: Brown v. Board of Education After Forty Years, 36 William & Mary Law Review 547 (1994).
Richard Thompson Ford, The Boundaries of Race: Political Geography in Legal Analysis, 107 Harvard Law Review 1843 (1994). [article behind paywall]
Ian F. Haney Lopez, The Social Construction of Race: Some Observations on Illusion, Fabrication, and Choice, 29 Harvard Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review 1 (1994).
Robert S. Chang, Toward an Asian American Legal Scholarship: Critical Race Theory, Post-Structuralism, and Narrative Space, 81 California Law Review 1243 (1993).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, Critical Race Theory: An Annotated Bibliography Essay, 79 Virginia Law Review 461 (1993).
Cheryl I. Harris, Whiteness as Property, 106 Harvard Law Review 1707 (1993).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, Images of the Outsider in American Law and Culture: Can Free Expression Remedy Systemic Social Ills, 77 Cornell Law Review 1258 (1992).
Richard T. Ford, Urban Space and the Color Line: The Consequences of Demarcation and Disorientation in the Postmodern Metropolis, 9 Harvard Blackletter Journal 117 (1992). [article behind paywall]
Jean Stefancic & Richard Delgado, Outsider Jurisprudence and the Electronic Revolution: Will Technology Help or Hinder the Cause of Law Reform, 52 Ohio State Law Journal 847 (1991).
Kimberle Crenshaw, Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color, 43 Stanford Law Review 1241 (1990).
Richard Delgado, Campus Antiracism Rules: Constitutional Narratives in Collision Legal Theory, 85 Northwestern University Law Review 343 (1990).
Richard Delgado, When a Story Is Just a Story: Does Voice Really Matter, 76 Virginia Law Review 95 (1990).
Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic, Norms and Narratives: Can Judges Avoid Serious Moral Error, 69 Texas Law Review 1929 (1990).
Patricia Williams, Fetal Fictions: An Exploration of Property Archetypes In Racial and Gendered Contexts, 42 Florida Law Review 81 (1990). [article behind paywall]
Patricia J. Williams, Comment, Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC: Regrouping in Singular Times, 104 Harvard Law Review 525 (1990). [article behind paywall]
Kimberle Crenshaw, Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics, 1989 University of Chicago Legal Forum 139 (1989).
Richard Delgado, Storytelling for Oppositionists and Others: A Plea for Narrative, 87 Michigan Law Review 2411 (1989).
Angela P. Harris, Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory, 42 Stanford Law Review 581 (1989). [article behind paywall]
Patricia Williams, The Obliging Shell: An Informal Essay on Formal Equal Opportunity, 87 Michigan Law Review 2128 (1989).
Kimberle Williams Crenshaw, Toward a Race-Conscious Pedagogy in Legal Education, 11 National Black Law Journal 1 (1988).
Richard Delgado, The Ethereal Scholar: Does Critical Legal Studies Have What Minorities Want Minority Critiques of the Critical Legal Studies Movement, 22 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 301 (1987).
Patricia Williams, Spirit-Murdering the Messenger: The Discourse of Fingerpointing as the Law’s Response to Racism, 42 University of Miami Law Review 127 (1987).
Patricia J. Williams, Alchemical Notes: Reconstructing Ideals from Deconstructed Rights, 22 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 401 (1987). [article behind paywall]
Kimberle Williams Crenshaw, Race, Reform, and Retrenchment: Transformation and Legitimation in Antidiscrimination Law, 101 Harvard Law Review 1331 (1987).
Richard Delgado et al., Fairness and Formality: Minimizing the Risk of Prejudice in Alternative Dispute Resolution, 1985 Wisconsin Law Review 1359 (1985).
Richard Delgado, Imperial Scholar: Reflections On a Review of Civil Rights Literature Commentary, 132 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 561 (1983).
Richard Delgado, Words That Wound: A Tort Action for Racial Insults, Epithets, and Name-Calling, 17 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 133 (1982).
Derrick A. Bell, Brown v. Board of Education and The Interest Convergence Dilemma, 93 Harvard Law Review 518 (1980).

Books

Richard Delgado, Critical Race Theory : An Introduction (3d ed. 2017).
Ian Haney López, Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism and Wrecked the Middle Class (2014).
Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge (Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic eds., 3d. ed. 2013).
Marvin Lynn & Adrienne D. Dixson, Handbook of Critical Race Theory in Education (2013).
Margaret M. Zamudio et al., Critical Race Theory Matters: Education and Ideology (2011).
Sabrina E. Vaught, Racism, Public Schooling and The Entrenchment of White Supremacy: A Critical Race Ethnography (2011).
Mike Cole, Critical Race Theory and Education: A Marxist Response (2009).
Zeus Leonardo, Race, Whiteness, and Education (2009).
Critical Race Realism: Intersections of Psychology, Race, and Law (Gregory Parks, Shayne E. Jones & W. Jonathan Cardi eds., 2008).
Derrick Bell, Race, Racism, and American Law (6th ed. 2008).
David Gillborn, Racism and Education: Coincidence or Conspiracy? (2008).
Tara J. Yosso, Critical Race Counterstories Along the Chicana/Chicano Educational Pipeline (2006).
Adrienne D. Dixson & Celia K. Rousseau, Critical Race Theory in Education: All God’s Children Got a Song (2006).
Ian Haney López, White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race (2006).
Crossroads, Directions, and A New Critical Race Theory (Angela P. Harris, Francisco Valdes & Jerome McCristal Culp eds. 2002).
Juan F. Perea, Immigrants Out: The New Nativism and The Anti-Immigrant Impulse in The United States (1997).
Kimberle Crenshaw et al., Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings that Formed the Movement (1995).
Patricia J. Williams, The Rooster’s Egg: On the Persistence of Prejudice (1995).
Patricia J. Williams, The Alchemy of Race and Rights (1991).

Additional Resources

University of Cincinnati Libraries, Critical Race Theory Research Guide (last updated Aug. 21, 2020).
University of Denver Libraries, Critical Race and Ethnic Studies Guide (last updated June 9, 2020).
Oxford Bibliographies: Critical Race Theory (Gerardo R. Lopez & Chezare Warren eds., 2015). [resource behind paywall]