Complementing this analysis is a recent report on legal regulatory reform from Stanford’s Rhode Center on the Legal Profession, Legal Innovation After Reform: Evidence from Regulatory Change, which shifts the focus away from questions of construction and centers on analyzing outcomes. In this report, David Freeman Engstrom, Lucy Ricca, Graham Ambrose, and Maddie Walsh provide a detailed empirical analysis of new legal services entities that have emerged in response to certain regulatory reforms, including Utah’s legal innovation sandbox.

Together, the Ford and Ashkenazy article and the Stanford report provide a wide-ranging account of legal innovation sandbox use in North America. Individually, they each bring unique and important contributions to the literature.