Jess Sparks is a Fellow at the Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions and the Associate Director of the University of Nottingham’s Rights Lab’s Ecosystems and the Environment Programme. Her research focuses on conceptualizing and quantifying the processes and interconnections that facilitate a modern slavery – environmental degradation – climate change nexus, specifically looking at the multidirectional relationships between fish stock declines and labor exploitation, including forced labor. She has worked in the labor and human rights fields for over 15 years, first as a social worker and now as a researcher.