As with any emerging technology like semiconductors, applied, generative and interactive artificial intelligence (AI), biotechnology, extended reality (XR), nano and nuclear, there are interconnected ethical, legal, socio-economic, and policy implications (Quantum-ELSPI) that must be proactively considered. For example, quantum technologies are inherently dual use, characterized by a long investment and R&D phase coupled with uncertain outcomes and rewards, unseen capabilities, and a Pandora’s Box of probabilities and unknown risks. Utilizing anticipatory governance strategies such as technology forecasting, horizon scanning, scenario planning, and impact assessment, these aspects should be understood and studied within their inherent interconnection and interdependence, before the technology becomes locked in.

Descriptively, Quantum-ELSPI refers to research focused on the societal aspects of QT. Normatively, Quantum-ELSPI can serve as a metaparadigm that sets an interdisciplinary research agenda. As such, it can inspire a unified account and practice of Responsible Quantum Technology (RQT). RQT integrates ELSPI considerations into quantum research, development and adoption, while responding to core RRI dimensions of anticipation, reflection, openness, transparency, responsiveness, adaption to change, diversity, and inclusion. RQT can be operationalized by using a principled approach. Principles for Responsible Quantum Technology & Innovation are organized into three functional categories (SEA), geared towards safeguarding, engaging, and advancing QT, society, and humankind. These principles are grounded in the values of responsible research and innovation (RRI). RQT is a framework designed to ensure that research and innovation efforts meet societal demands & expectations and enhance planetary welfare.