Students work on a broad range of impact litigation and policy projects. Students have contributed to key litigation to limit the immigration consequences of criminal convictions, and to restrict the government’s ability to detain immigrants for prolonged periods of time. Students have also engaged in local and federal regulatory advocacy, legislative work, public education, and other policy work on a broad range of projects to advance the rights of immigrant communities.
Advocacy for Families and Individuals on the Dedicated Docket
Students in the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic have provided various forms of advocacy for individuals on the “dedicated docket,” an expedited immigration process for certain families and individuals that makes it challenging to locate and hire attorneys. Students have served as pro bono attorneys, created pro se guides, and submitted FOIA requests to government agencies to learn more about the dedicated docket.
learn moreIRC Advocacy: Assisting Detainees Without Access to Confidential Attorney Communications
For years, students have conducted complex legal research to identify potential legal challenges to the barriers to communication for individuals in detention. Through their research, the students developed claims to challenge the detention practices that deny immigrant detainees and advocates the opportunity to meaningfully communicate with each other. Students have also filed a class action lawsuit against Immigration Customs Enforcement (ICE) and a private prison operator for creating unlawful barriers to attorney-client communications at ICE detention centers in Southern California.
learn moreAppeals Briefs in Support of Noncitizens with Vacated Criminal Convictions
During the winter and spring quarters of 2022, IRC students Viviana Andazola-Marquez, ‘22, Yulie Landan, ‘22, Tiffany Lo, ‘22, and Marisa Lowe, ‘23, represented a coalition of immigration legal service providers, public defenders, and community-based organizations in amicus briefs to the California Supreme Court in People v. Espinoza and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Arias Jovel v. Garland. These briefs addressed important questions regarding the implementation and impact of California Penal Code section 1473.7, which allows a noncitizen to vacate criminal convictions when the conviction triggers immigration consequences that the noncitizen was unaware of.
During the quarter, students conducted complex legal research on the appropriate standard of review for criminal courts to adopt when adjudicating motions to vacate under the California law, and whether a conviction vacated by a California court continues to trigger immigration consequences. Students also worked closely with the IRC’s coalition partners, including Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Asian Law Caucus, Pangea Legal Services, and the Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC) to identify dozens of noncitizens who were placed in deportation proceedings or prevented from pursuing lawful status because of their criminal convictions, often for minor offenses. Despite the serious consequences, each of these noncitizens was unaware of the immigration implications of their conviction at the time that they were convicted. IRC students pored over their criminal records and met with the public defenders and immigration attorneys who represented these individuals to identify a handful of stories typifying the experience of California noncitizens whose convictions were vacated under the California law.
The students then wove these stories directly into the briefs they drafted to the California Supreme Court and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. By presenting the stories of directly impacted noncitizens alongside their legal argument, IRC students persuasively illustrated the need for a flexible, case-by-case analysis when determining whether to vacate a conviction, and demonstrated why a conviction vacated under the California law no longer carries immigration consequences.
You can read the briefs below:
Arias Jovel v. Garland, (9th Cir. 2022) (Counsel for Amici)
People v. Espinoza, (S. Ct. 2022) (Counsel for Amici)
IRC Advocacy: Assisting Detainees Affected By The Institutional Hearing Program
For the last four and a half years, clinic students have engaged in innovative advocacy to assist detainees affected by a fast-track deportation process called Institutional Hearing Program (IHP). The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) uses IHP to initiate removal (deportation) proceedings against noncitizens who are still serving time for criminal convictions.
The clinic’s advocacy focuses on expanding the rights of noncitizens who are placed into IHP. Clinic students have worked to ensure that noncitizens have information about the IHP process; advocated for counsel for detainees; developed advice on how to fight removal cases.
LEARN MOREKnow Your Rights Materials
Students in the Immigrants’ Rights Clinic have created Know-Your-Rights materials, empowering unrepresented immigrants with knowledge and resources to advocate for themselves before ICE and immigration court.
ACCESS OUR GUIDESClass Action and Appellate Litigation
Students have conducted a broad range of impact litigation and advocacy to protect the due process rights of immigrant detainees. Under the U.S. immigration system, the federal government has the authority to detain immigrants during their deportation proceedings. Clinic students have engaged in litigation to ensure that that the government does not detain individuals for prolonged periods of time. They have also advocated for increased use of alternatives to detention and better detention conditions.
Class Action Litigation
Class Action Complaint Filed in Support of Access to Justice: The Immigrants’ Rights Clinic filed a class-action lawsuit against ICE, the Orange County Sheriff’s Department, and the private prison operator Geo Group, Inc. for creating unlawful barriers to attorney-client communications at ICE detention centers in Southern California. Officials make it nearly impossible for many detainees to contact and consult with attorneys. That violates not only the Immigration and Nationality Act, but also the First and Fifth Amendments to the Constitution.
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the Immigrants Rights Clinic petitioned the court for a temporary restraining order to protect confidential attorney-client communications during state and local lockdowns. On April 11, 2020, the judge granted the TRO, which was later converted into a preliminary injunction, allowing for free, confidential legal calls for detainees during the pandemic.
- Temporary Restraining Order, April 11, 2020
- Torres, et al. v. U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security, et al. (C.D. Cal)
Bond Appeals for Detained Noncitizens: The Immigrants’ Rights Clinic is co-counsel in Jennings v. Rodriguez, a longstanding challenge to the federal government’s prolonged detention policies. Most recently, after a loss in the Supreme Court, the case was remanded to the Ninth Circuit, and then to the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. Thanks to the work of the clinic and co-counsel at the ACLU of Southern California and Sidley Austin LLP, immigrants detained in the Los Angeles area receive bond hearings after their detention becomes prolonged at the six-month mark. IRC and our co-counsel continue to litigate the case to protect the rights of immigrant detainees.
Key Opinions in Jennings v. Rodriguez
- Jennings v. Rodriguez (9th Cir. 2018)
- Jennings v. Rodriguez (S. Ct. 2018)
- Rodriguez v. Holder (C.D. Cal 2013)
Burden of Proof Cases
The Immigrants’ Rights Clinic partnered with the Immigrant Defense Project over the past decade to advance an innovative legal argument on behalf of immigrants with past criminal convictions. We argued that, when the record of a past conviction is ambiguous, the conviction should not bar a noncitizen from relief from removal (like asylum). Despite obtaining victories in several courts of appeals, the Supreme Court recently rejected our arguments in Pereida v. Wilkinson.
- Supreme Court Opinion
- Pereida v. Barr (S. Ct. 2020) (counsel for amici)
- Pereida v. Barr (8th Cir. 2019) (counsel for amici)
- Gutierrez v. Sessions (6th Cir. 2018) (counsel for amici)
- Lucio Rayos v. Sessions (S. Ct. 2018) (counsel for amici)
- Lucio Rayos v. Sessions (10th Cir. 2017) (counsel for amici)
- Marinelarena v. Sessions (9th Cir. 2017) (counsel for amici)
Freedom of Information Act in District Court
Complaints Filed on Behalf of Community Organizations under the Freedom of Information Act: The Immigrants’ Rights Clinic has filed lawsuits against the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Immigration & Customs Enforcement (ICE) when these government agencies have failed to properly respond to requests to produce documents and information under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Under FOIA, the public has the right to access records from federal agencies. Records inform the public about the agencies’ policies and practices regarding immigration and detention. IRC has filed lawsuits on behalf of community organizations when DHS and ICE have failed to respond to requests for government agencies’ records.
- Justice & Diversity Center of the Bar Association of San Francisco, et al. v. U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security, et al. (N.D. Cal): Litigation requesting records from the Department of Homeland Security relating to the agency’s lack of transparency and overuse of electronic ankle monitors on noncitizens.
- Centro Legal de la Raza v. Federal Bureau of Prisons, et al. (N.D. Cal): Litigation requesting records from the Federal Bureau of Prisons relating to the Institutional Hearing Program (IHP), an expedited deportation process that begins, and often ends while a noncitizen is still in criminal custody and serving their criminal sentence.
- Justice & Diversity Center of the Bar Association of San Francisco v. U.S Dept. of Homeland Security, et al. (N.D. Cal): Litigation requesting records from the Department of Homeland Security relating to the Institutional Hearing Program (IHP), an expedited deportation process that begins, and often ends while a noncitizen is still in criminal custody and serving their criminal sentence.
- Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto, et al. v. U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security, et al. (N.D. Cal 2018): Litigation requesting records from the Department of Homeland Security relating to the Trump administration’s improper withholding of records pertaining to their immigration prosecutorial discretion policies and practices.
- Asian Americans Advancing Justice v. U.S. Dept. of Homeland Security (N.D. Cal 2017): Litigation requesting records from the Department of Homeland Security relating to the Trump administration’s improper withholding of records pertaining to their immigration prosecutorial discretion policies and practices.
Advocacy Work
Uncovering New Details about the Government’s Use of Ankle Monitors and Other Alternatives to Detention
The Immigrants’ Rights Clinic filed a Freedom of Information Act Request on behalf of The Justice & Diversity Center of The Bar Association of San Francisco, Dolores Street Community Services, Community Legal Services of East Palo Alto, Pangea Legal Services, Legal Services for Children, Immigrant Legal Resource Center, and Immigration Center for Women and Children. The lawsuit has begun to uncover records relating to the Department of Homeland Security’s use of ankle monitors and other alternatives to detention.
Uncovering the Federal Government’s Billion Dollar Immigration Detention and Bond Operations
The Stanford Law School Immigrants’ Rights Clinic and the UC Davis Immigration Law Clinic released a report revealing that the federal government’s immigration bond system is a $1.5 billion operation. The report, based on records obtained through a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit, also details that the federal government is holding more than $200 million owed to immigrants and their families.