This page aims to provide links to resources and collections of resources related to antiracism, antiracism books and articles, and other antiracism projects; and resources on learning about and combating implicit bias, microaggressions, and stereotype threat. Sources have been linked when feasible and links are to freely-available sources unless otherwise noted.

Articles & Online Resources

• American Bar Association Implicit Bias Taskforce, Implicit Bias: An Annotated Bibliography for the Bench and Bar.
• Project Implicit
• Washington University of St. Louis, Diversity & Inclusion Support for Hiring Faculty, Implicit Bias Annotated Bibliography.

Note: because of the depth of resources available through the above sources, we have chosen to link to them, rather than duplicate their extensive efforts here, and encourage users to explore the resources contained in their extensive resources. The below sections focuses on newer articles.

• Karin C. Calaza et al., Facing Racism and Sexism in Science by Fighting Against Social Implicit Bias: A Latina and Black Woman’s Perspective, 12 Frontiers in Psychology (2021), https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671481.
• Ivuoma N. Omyeador et al., Moving Beyond Implicit Bias Training: Policy Insights for Increasing Organizational Diversity, 8 Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (2021). [article behind paywall]
• Rory Bahadur & Liyun Zhang, Socratic Teaching and Learning Styles: Exposing the Pervasiveness of Implicit Bias and White Privilege in Legal Pedagogy, 18 Hastings Race and Poverty Law Journal 114 (2021).
• Yasit Billoo, Implicit Bias and its Application in the Life of a Lawyer, Florida Bar Journal (March/April 2019, at 10).
• Barbara Applebaum, Remediating Campus Climate: Implicit Bias Training is not Enough, 38 Studies in Philosophy and Education 129 (2019). [article behind paywall]
• Alex Madva, Implicit Bias, Moods, and Moral Responsibility, 99:S1 Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 53 (2018). [article behind paywall]
• Jessi Lee Jackson, The Non-Performativity of Implicit Bias Training, 112 Radical Teacher 46 (2018).
• Michael Selmi, The Paradox of Implicit Bias and a Plea for a New Narrative, 50 Arizona State Law Journal 193 (2018).
• Shirley Anne Tate & Damien Page, Whiteliness and Institutional Racism: Hiding Behind (Un)Conscious Bias, 13 Ethics and Education 141 (2018). [article behind paywall]
• Bertram Gawronski & Galen V. Bodenhausen, Beyond Persons and Situations: An Interactionist Approach to Understanding Implicit Bias, 28:4 Psychological Inquiry 268 (2017). [article behind paywall]
• Andrew M. Rivers et al., Implicit Bias Reflects the Personal and the Social, 28 Psychological Inquiry 301 (2017).
• Natalie Daumeyer et al., Thinking Structurally about Implicit Bias: Some Peril, Lots of Promise, 28 Psychological Inquiry, 258 (2017).
• Amanda Golbeck et al., A Conversation about Implicit Bias, 32 Statistical Journal of the IAOS (International Association for Official Statistics) 739 (2016).
• Darren Lenard Hutchinson, “Continually Reminded of Their Inferior Position”: Social Dominance, Implicit Bias, Criminality, and Race, 46 Journal of Law & Policy 23 (2016).
• Katherine Puddifoot, Dissolving the Epistemic/Ethical Dilemma Over Implicit Bias, 20 Philosophical Explorations: An International Journal for the Philosophy of Mind and Action 73 (2016).
• Mahzarin R. Banaji et al., When Bias is Implicit, How Might We Think About Repairing Harm?, 6 Current Opinion in Psychology 183 (2015). [article behind paywall]
• Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, Implicit Bias (2014).
• L. Elizabeth Sarine, Regulating the Social Pollution of Systemic Discrimination Caused by Implicit Bias, 100 California Law Review 1359 (2012).
• Hart Blanton et al., Decoding the Implicit Association Test: Implications for Criterion Prediction, 42 Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 192 (2006). [article behind paywall]
• Anthony G. Greenwald & Mahzarin R. Banaji, Implicit Social Cognition: Attitudes, Self-Esteem, and Stereotypes, 102 Psychological Review 4 (1995).

Books

• An Introduction to Implicit Bias: Knowledge, Justice, and the Social Mind (Erin Beeghly & Alex Madva eds., 2020).
• Jennifer L. Eberhardt, Biased: Uncovering the Hidden Prejudice that Shapes What We See, Think, and Do (2020).
• La’Wana Harris, Diversity Beyond Lip Service: A Coaching Guide for Challenging Bias (2019).
• Gina Laura Gullo, Kelly Capatosto & Cheryl Staats, Implicit Bias in Schools: A Practitioner’s Guide (2019).
• Jonathan Kahn, Race on the Brain: What Implicit Bias Gets Wrong About the Struggle for Racial Justice (2018).
• Tiffany Jana & Matthew Freeman, Overcoming Bias: Building Authentic Relationships Across Differences (2016).
• Mary E. Kite & Bernard E. Whitley, Jr., The Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination (3d ed. 2016).
• Sondra B. Thiederman, 3 Keys to Defeating Unconscious Bias: Watch, Think, Act (2015).
• Howard J. Ross, Everyday Bias: Identifying and Navigating Unconscious Judgments in our Daily Lives (2014).
• Mahzarin R. Banaji & Anthony G. Greenwald, Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People (2013).
• Geoffrey Beattie, Our Racist Heart? An Exploration of Unconscious Prejudice in Everyday Life (2013).
• Meena Thuraisingham, in collaboration with Wolfgang Lehmacher, The Secret Life of Decisions: How Unconscious Bias Subverts your Judgement (2013).
• Justin D. Levinson & Robert J. Smith, eds., Implicit Racial Bias Across the Law (2012).
• Psychology of Bias (Glenn W. Mills & Sarah J. Stone eds., 2012).
• Moving Beyond Prejudice Reduction: Pathways to Positive Intergroup Relations (Linda R. Tropp & Robyn K. Mallett eds., 2011).
• Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011).

Stereotype threat occurs when you are “at risk of confirming, as self-characteristic, a negative stereotype about one’s group.” (Claude M. Steele & Joshua Aronson, Stereotype Threat and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans, 69 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 797, 797 (1995).

Articles

• Una Tellhed & Caroline Adolfsson, Competence and Confusion: How Stereotype Threat can Make you a Bad Judge of your Competence, 48 European Journal of Social Psychology O189 (2018). [article behind paywall]
• Bettina J. Casad & William J. Bryant, Addressing Stereotype Threat is Critical to Diversity and Inclusion in Organizational Psychology, 7 Frontiers in Psychology (2016).
• Sam Erman & Gregory M. Walton, Stereotype Threat and Antidiscrimination Law: Affirmative Steps to Promote Meritocracy and Racial Equality in Education, 88 Southern California Law Review 307 (2015).
• Gregory M. Walton, Mary C. Murphy & Ann Marie Ryan, Stereotype Threat in Organizations: Implications for Equity and Performance, 2 Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 523 (2015). [article behind paywall]
• Douglas S. Massey & Jayanti Owens, Mediators of Stereotype Threat Among Black College Students, 37 Ethnic and Racial Studies 557 (2014). [article behind paywall]
• Michael Inzlicht et al., Lingering Effects: Stereotype Threat Hurts More than You Think, 5 Social Issues and Policy Review 227 (2011). [article behind paywall]
• Valerie Jones Taylor & Gregory M. Walton, Stereotype Threat Undermines Academic Learning, 37 Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin 1055 (2011).
• Gregory M. Walton & Steven J. Spencer, Latent Ability: Grades and Test Scores Systematically Underestimate the Intellectual Ability of Negatively Stereotyped Students, 20 Psychological Science 1132 (2009).
• Toni Schmader, Michael Johns & Chad Forbes, An Integrated Process Model of Stereotype Threat Effects on Performance, 115 Psychology Review 336 (2008).
• Gregory M. Walton & Geoffrey L. Cohen, A Question of Belonging: Race, Social Fit and Achievement, 92 Journal of Personality & Social Psychology 82 (2007).
• Jason W. Osborne & Christopher Walker, Stereotype Threat, Identification with Academics, and Withdrawal from School: Why the most successful students of colour might be most likely to withdraw, 26 Educational Psychology 563 (2006). [article behind paywall]
• Joshua Aronson, Carrie B. Fried & Catherine Good, Reducing the Effects of Stereotype Threat on African American College Students by Shaping Theories of Intelligence, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (2001), doi:10.1006/jesp.2001.1491.
• Jason W. Osborne, Testing Stereotype Threat: Does Anxiety Explain Race and Sex Differences in Achievement?, 26 Contemporary Educational Psychology 291 (2001).
• Claude M. Steele, Thin Ice: Stereotype Threat and Black College Students, The Atlantic, Aug. 1999.
• Claude M. Steele & Joshua Aronson, Stereotype Threat and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans, 69 Journal of Personality & Social Psychology 797 (1995).
• Steve Stroessner & Catherine Good, Stereotype Threat: An Overview.

Books

• Brenna Reinhart Byrd, Supporting Graduate Students of Color in German Studies: A Syllabus, in Regine Criser & Ervin Malakaj, Eds., Diversity and Decolonization in German Studies (2020).
• Stereotype Threat: Theory, Process, and Application (Michael Inzlicht & Toni Schmader eds., 2011).
• Moises F. Salinas, The Politics of Stereotype: Psychology and Affirmative Action (2003).